The 1978 Formula One season was the 29th season of FIA Formula One motor racing. Included was the F1 World Championship and one non-championship race. The season commenced on January 15, 1978 in Argentina, and ended on October 8 in Canada after sixteen races.
The World Drivers' Champion was American Mario Andretti, who drove for the Constructors' Champions, Lotus-Ford Cosworth. It would be Andretti's only title, and Lotus' last title.
The season was marred by the death of Andretti's teammate, Ronnie Peterson, at the Italian Grand Prix. Peterson finished second the Championship.
Teams and Drivers[]
Entry List[]
The full entry list for the 1978 Formula One Season is outlined below:
- * Emilio drove M25 in the Spanish Grand Prix, but his car crashed and drove McLaren M23 instead in the practice session.
Calendar[]
World Championship Schedule[]
The full World Championship Schedule for 1978 is outlined below:
Round | Grand Prix | Date |
---|
1 | Argentine Grand Prix | 15 January | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Official Title | XIV Gran Premio de la República Argentina | ||||
Circuit | Buenos Aires | ||||
Location | Buenos Aires, Argentina | ||||
Lap distance | 5.968 km (3.708 mi) | ||||
Race distance | 310.336 km (192.834 mi) | ||||
Date | 15 January | Laps | 52 |
2 | Brazilian Grand Prix | 29 January | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Official Title | VII Grande Prêmio do Brasil | ||||
Circuit | Jacarepaguá | ||||
Location | Rio de Janeiro, Brazil | ||||
Lap distance | 5.031 km (3.126 mi) | ||||
Race distance | 316.953 km (196.945 mi) | ||||
Date | 29 January | Laps | 63 |
3 | South African Grand Prix | 4 March | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Official Title | XXIV Grand Prix of South Africa | ||||
Circuit | Kyalami Circuit | ||||
Location | Midrand, Gauteng, South Africa | ||||
Lap distance | 4.104 km (2.550 mi) | ||||
Race distance | 320.112 km (198.908 mi) | ||||
Date | 4 March | Laps | 78 |
4 | United States Grand Prix West | 2 April | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Official Title | 3rd Long Beach Grand Prix | ||||
Circuit | Long Beach Street Circuit | ||||
Location | Long Beach, California, USA | ||||
Lap distance | 3.251 km (2.020 mi) | ||||
Race distance | 260.08 km (161.606 mi) | ||||
Date | 2 April | Laps | 80 |
5 | Monaco Grand Prix | 7 May | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Official Title | 36e Grand Prix de Monaco | ||||
Circuit | Circuit de Monaco | ||||
Location | Monte Carlo, Monaco | ||||
Lap distance | 3.312 km (2.058 mi) | ||||
Race distance | 248.4 km (154.349 mi) | ||||
Date | 7 May | Laps | 75 |
6 | Belgian Grand Prix | 21 May | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Official Title | XXXVI Grand Prix of Belgium | ||||
Circuit | Circuit Zolder | ||||
Location | Heusden-Zolder, Belgium | ||||
Lap distance | 4.262 km (2.648 mi) | ||||
Race distance | 298.34 km (185.380 mi) | ||||
Date | 21 May | Laps | 70 |
7 | Spanish Grand Prix | 4 June | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Official Title | XXIV Gran Premio de España | ||||
Circuit | Circuito del Jarama | ||||
Location | San Sebastián de los Reyes, Spain | ||||
Lap distance | 3.404 km (2.115 mi) | ||||
Race distance | 255.3 km (158.636 mi) | ||||
Date | 4 June | Laps | 75 |
8 | Swedish Grand Prix | 17 June | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Official Title | XIV Grand Prix of Sweden | ||||
Circuit | Scandinavian Raceway | ||||
Location | Anderstorp, Sweden | ||||
Lap distance | 4.025 km (2.501 mi) | ||||
Race distance | 281.75 km (175.071 mi) | ||||
Date | 17 June | Laps | 70 |
9 | French Grand Prix | 2 July | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Official Title | 64e Grand Prix de France | ||||
Circuit | Circuit Paul Ricard | ||||
Location | Le Castellet, France | ||||
Lap distance | 5.809 km (3.610 mi) | ||||
Race distance | 313.686 km (194.915 mi) | ||||
Date | 2 July | Laps | 54 |
10 | British Grand Prix | 16 July | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Official Title | XXXI John Player British Grand Prix | ||||
Circuit | Brands Hatch | ||||
Location | West Kingsdown, Kent, England | ||||
Lap distance | 3.908 km (2.428 mi) | ||||
Race distance | 297.008 km (184.552 mi) | ||||
Date | 16 July | Laps | 76 |
11 | German Grand Prix | 30 July | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Official Title | XL Großer Preis von Deutschland | ||||
Circuit | Hockenheimring | ||||
Location | Hockenheim, Baden-Württemberg, Germany | ||||
Lap distance | 6.789 km (4.218 mi) | ||||
Race distance | 305.505 km (189.832 mi) | ||||
Date | 30 July | Laps | 45 |
12 | Austrian Grand Prix | 13 August | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Official Title | XL Großer Preis von Deutschland | ||||
Circuit | Österreichring | ||||
Location | Spielberg, Styria, Austria | ||||
Lap distance | 5.941 km (3.692 mi) | ||||
Race distance | 320.814 km (199.345 mi) | ||||
Date | 13 August | Laps | 54 |
13 | Dutch Grand Prix | 27 August | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Official Title | XXV Grand Prix van Nederland | ||||
Circuit | Circuit Park Zandvoort | ||||
Location | Zandvoort, Netherlands | ||||
Lap distance | 4.252 km (2.642 mi) | ||||
Race distance | 318.9 km (198.155 mi) | ||||
Date | 27 August | Laps | 75 |
14 | Italian Grand Prix | 10 September | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Official Title | 49° Gran Premio d'Italia | ||||
Circuit | Autodromo Nazionale Monza | ||||
Location | Monza, Italy | ||||
Lap distance | 5.800 km (3.604 mi) | ||||
Race distance | [convert: invalid number] | ||||
Date | 10 September | Laps | 40* |
15 | United States Grand Prix | 1 October | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Official Title | 23rd Toyota Grand Prix of the United States | ||||
Circuit | Watkins Glen International | ||||
Location | Watkins Glen, New York, USA | ||||
Lap distance | 3.400 km (2.113 mi) | ||||
Race distance | 200.6 km (124.647 mi) | ||||
Date | 1 October | Laps | 59 |
16 | Canadian Grand Prix | 8 October | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Official Title | XVII Grand Prix du Canada | ||||
Circuit | Circuit Île Notre-Dame | ||||
Location | Watkins Glen, New York, USA | ||||
Lap distance | 4.410 km (2.740 mi) | ||||
Race distance | 308.7 km (191.817 mi) | ||||
Date | 8 October | Laps | 70 |
- * The race originally began with 52 laps, but the red flag appeared when the race was shorten to 40 laps after Peterson's fatal accident.
Non-Championship Schedule[]
The full Non-Championship Schedule for 1978 is outlined below:
Date | Event | Circuit | Report |
---|---|---|---|
19th March | XXX Daily Express International Trophy | Silverstone | Report |
Season Review[]
Pre-Season[]
Race 1: Argentine Grand Prix[]
The 1979 season opened with the annual trip to the Autódromo Municipal Ciudad de Buenos Aires in Argentina, with several changes to the field prior to the early 15 January start.[1] Regardless, the first pole of the season would be earned by Lotus stalwart Mario Andretti, who duly converted his quali-pace into an early lead.[1] Carlos Reutemann led the chase from second for Ferrari, while John Watson and Niki Lauda led the Brabham-Alfa Romeo charge in third and fourth.[1]
Andretti would soon disappear at the front of the field, aided by some dramatic tyre wear for Reutemann, which ultimately resulted in the Argentine racer slipping out of the top three.[1] Watson duly barged his way through to second, only to drop out of contention with an overheating engine.[1] Lauda therefore inherited second ahead of Peterson, before Peterson himself slipped back behind Patrick Depailler and James Hunt as Andretti claimed a dominant victory.[1]
Race 2: Brazilian Grand Prix[]
It was Peterson who grabbed pole for the Brazilian Grand Prix on the 29 January, with Jacarepaguá hosting a Grand Prix for the first time.[2] Yet, unlike his teammate Andretti, Peterson was unable to convert pole into a lead at the start, for Reutemann came charging through from fourth to claim the lead.[2] Peterson got away in second ahead of Hunt and Andretti, while a clash further down put Riccardo Patrese and Watson down the order.[2]
Reutemann would go unchallenged after the opening lap, his Michelin tyres lasting the distance far better than the Goodyears used by the everyone else bar Gilles Villeneuve.[2] Peterson was among those to stuggle, slipping back early on, while Hunt was forced to abandon second when he burned through his tyres.[2] Andretti was then set to claim second, only for his gearbox to jam in the closing stages, allowing Emerson Fittipaldi and Niki Lauda to sweep past and onto the podium.[2]
Race 3: South African Grand Prix[]
Kyalami returned to host the third race of the season, and 300th World Championship race, albeit after a five week break since the race in Brazil.[3] In terms of qualifying it was Lauda whom grabbed pole in an updated Brabham, only to get beaten off the line at the start.[3] Indeed, it was Andretti who surged into the lead early on, dragging South African hero Jody Scheckter along with him in the Wolf.[3]
However, attrition would steadily thin the field, allowing Patrese in the new Arrows to seize the lead after battling past Scheckter and Andretti as they hit tyre trouble.[3] Depailler and Lauda also moved forward and onto the podium, only for the latter to hit engine trouble, as did Patrese with fifteen laps to go.[3] That left Depailler on course to take victory, only for a resurgent Peterson to snatch the win away with half a lap to go.[3]
Race 4: Long Beach Grand Prix[]
It would be an all Ferrari front row for the United States Grand Prix West in Long Beach, California, with Reutemann edging out the impressive rookie Villeneuve for pole.[4] They would, however, enter an all F12 fight for the lead into turn one at the start, with Lauda and Watson in their Alfa Romeo engined Brabhams pulling alongside off the line.[4] Ultimately it was Villeneuve who snatched the lead from Watson, with Lauda sneaking ahead of Reutemann on the exit.[4]
Those four would run nose-to-tail early on, only for Watson and Lauda to drop away with failures, before Villeneuve lost his shot at a maiden triumph when he crashed lapping Clay Regazzoni.[4] All that left Reutemann on his own ahead of Alan Jones, who was set for second until a fuel pressure issue dropped him back down the order.[4] That meant that a charging Andretti finished second ahead of Peterson, as Reutemann reinforced his lead in the Championship.[4]
Race 5: Monaco Grand Prix[]
After a late cancellation to the trip to Fuji for the Japanese Grand Prix, the field convened at the Circuit de Monaco for the start of the European tour, with several new cars on display.[5] One of those cars would be the "ground effect" Lotus 79, although Andretti opted not to use it for the race.[5] Regardless, it was Reutemann who grabbed pole, only to make a poor start and allow Watson and Depailler to streak through into the lead.[5]
Reutemann's race was over before the end of the opening lap, getting bounced into the barriers by Lauda, as Depailler harassed Watson for the lead.[5] Their fight was ultimately resolved when Watson slid down an escape road, handing Depailler a healthy lead over Lauda, who breifly dropped down the order after a tyre change to replace a punctured tyre.[5] He duly charged back through to claim second, aided by a series of retirements, with Scheckter cruising home in third.[5]
Race 6: Belgian Grand Prix[]
The Belgian Grand Prix of 1978 would, however, mark the start of a new era in F1, for it was the first race to be truly dominated by "ground effect".[6] Indeed, after making a brief appearance in Monte Carlo, Andretti used the new Lotus 79 to claim pole by almost a second, before sprinting clear at the start.[6] Villeneuve led the chase in second, while a slow start from Reutemann resulted in a crunch in the middle of the pack, with several drivers including Lauda and Hunt getting knocked out of the race.[6]
Andretti duly pulled out a massive lead over Villeneuve, who had to push hard to keep Peterson, using an older Lotus 78 at bay.[6] Both would subsequently stop for fresh tyres after half distance, with Peterson then making a late charge to leap back into second.[6] He duly passed Reutemann and Jacques Laffite in the closing stages, with the Argentine controversially taking third after knocking Laffite off on the final lap.[6]
Race 7: Spanish Grand Prix[]
The Spanish Grand Prix played host to the seventh round of the 1978 World Championship tour, with Jarama taking the stage.[7] Qualifying would see a repeat of the respective sessions in Belgium, with Andretti again claiming a dominant pole for Lotus, with Peterson, equipped with his own Lotus 79 a close second.[7] Yet, unlike the race in Zolder the two Loti would be beaten off the line, with Hunt streaking into the lead ahead of Reutemann.[7]
Unfortunately for those two the slow start was to be as bad as it got for Andretti, who duly carved past the McLaren and Ferrari to snatch the lead early on.[7] He quickly disappeared into the distance, and ultimately victory, leaving all of the attention on Peterson, who was battling back from ninth after his awful getaway.[7] A series of aggressive moves, plus a spectacular driveshaft failure for Reutemann, ultimately saw the Swede finish second, with Laffite surviving well in the Ligier-Matra to claim third.[7]
Race 8: Swedish Grand Prix[]
A revised Scandinavian Raceway greeted the field for the Swedish Grand Prix of 1978, which saw the controversial debut of the Brabham "Fan Car".[8] Indeed, having failed to replicate Colin Chapman's "ground effect" performance, Brabham designer Gordon Murray used a more agricultural technique to generate a low pressure zone under his car, namely an "extractor fan".[8] The South African designer claimed it was primarily used to cool the car, something which seemed to be true as the red-blue Brabhams failed to beat Andretti in the black-gold Lotus.[8]
After an overnight protest against the Brabhams was waved away it was Andretti whom snatched the lead at the start, fending off Lauda early on.[8] Patrese, meanwhile, go the jump on Watson, as did Peterson in the second Lotus until he picked up a puncture and stopped for fresh tyres.[8] That left Patrese on his own in third, as Andretti and Lauda streaked ahead, running nose-to-tail at a pace no-one could match.[8]
Ultimately the pressure put on Andretti by Lauda told just after half distance, with the American racer slightly misjudging his entry into the Karussell, opening the door for Lauda as his Lotus drifted wide.[8] Lauda quickly pulled away from Andretti, aided by the fact that an oil slick had been dumped on the sweeping middle sector, causing everyone bar Lauda to slow through that section.[8] Andretti duly retired with an engine failure, leaving Patrese a delighted second ahead of Peterson, who just fell shy of the Italian on the final lap.[8]
After the race various appeals to the FIA were made to ban the "Fan Car", but all were rejected.[9] It was only the threat of a split in the ranks of the Formula One Constructors Association that saw the BT46B "banned", with Brabham owner, and F.O.C.A. leader Bernie Ecclestone deciding to withdraw the car on "safety" grounds.[9]
Race 9: French Grand Prix[]
The Le Castellet circuit in Southern France hosted the French Grand Prix of 1978, with Lotus expected to dominate after the Brabham ban.[10] However, it was not to be in qualifying for John Watson, in the down-graded Brabham BT46, claimed pole, with Mario Andretti ending the session second.[10] Furthermore, Watson was able to convert pole into a lead at the start, although Andretti did lunge past the Ulsterman on the Mistral before the end of the opening tour.[10]
With that the race for victory was all but over, for Andretti simply drove clear of Watson over the following laps, aided by a lack of pace from the #2 racer.[10] That allowed Niki Lauda and Ronnie Peterson to sweep past as they duelled during the early stages, only for Lauda's engine to fail after ten laps.[10] That left Peterson clear to grab a lonely second, while James Hunt secured the final podium spot in third just before half-distance.[10]
Race 10: British Grand Prix[]
Brands Hatch had its turn to host the British Grand Prix in 1978, a track that was expected to suit the two black-gold Loti once again.[11] Peterson duly snatched pole ahead of Andretti, with a second between the Swede and the rest of the field, which was instantly converted to a one-two at the start, Andretti ahead of Peterson.[11] The pair expertly pulled clear from Jody Scheckter over the early laps, set to claim another imperious one-two.[11]
However, the ever present fable of the fragile Lotus would bite back in Brands, with first Peterson, and then Andretti, dropping out with mechanical strife early on.[11] That handed Scheckter the lead, which became fairly comfortable after Alan Jones retired, only for the South African racer himself to retire with a ruined gearbox.[11] Lauda therefore inherited the lead, but was powerless to prevent Carlos Reutemann sweeping through in the closing stages to claim victory for Ferrari, using the backmarker Bruno Giacomelli to pounce with five laps to go.[11]
Race 11: German Grand Prix[]
Andretti and Peterson again duelled for pole at the German Grand Prix at the Hockenheimring, with the American coming out on top ahead of the Swede.[12] The duo duly disappeared off into the distance at the start, Peterson beating Andretti off the line, leaving Lauda to lead the field from third.[12] Jones, however, proved to be the centre of action, attacking and ultimately passing Lauda early on for third.[12]
Peterson duly relented the lead after the fifth lap, a result of his contract declaring him a "number two" at Lotus.[12] They continued to pull away from the field at a cruise, until the Swede hit trouble with a gearbox issue, forcing him to retire.[12] Andretti was therefore left to claim a lonely victory, with attrition ultimately putting Scheckter and Jacques Laffite onto the podium.[12]
Race 12: Austrian Grand Prix[]
The Österreichring in the Styrian Mountains hosted the twelfth round of the season, with Peterson again beating Andretti in qualifying.[13] They were almost split, however, by the ever improving, turbocharged, Renault of Jean-Pierre Jabouille, who claimed third ahead of Reutemann.[13] Regardless, Peterson would immediately sprint clear at the start, while the Argentine swept ahead of Andretti and Jabouille to claim second.[13]
In his desperation to pass the Argentine, however, Andretti would make a rare mistake, crashing out of the race halfway around the opening tour.[13] However, before Peterson and Reutemann could disappear heavy rain lashed down on the circuit, quickly causing the race to be red flagged after six laps.[13] Several drivers were out before the race was stopped, and were not allowed to take the restart.[13]
Peterson duly aced the restart, in wet conditions, to claim an early lead, and would only briefly lose it when he had to stop for fresh tyres.[13] Patrick Depailler claimed a strong second for Tyrrell, having briefly challenged Peterson, while the two Ferraris were strong, staying out on wets long after everyone else.[13] That allowed Gilles Villeneuve to claim a maiden podium finish, while Reutemann hit trouble late on.[13]
Race 13: Dutch Grand Prix[]
Another race and another all conquering performance from Lotus, with the black-gold cars again dominating amid the dunes of the Circuit Park Zandvoort.[14] Andretti came out on top on their private duel for pole at the Dutch Grand Prix, and duly claimed the lead at the start.[14] There was some minor chaos behind them, with Didier Pironi and Riccardo Patrese making contact in the middle of the pack.[14]
Peterson once again demonstrated that he was the "number two" at Lotus, refusing to attack Andretti despite clearly having equal pace as they ran nose-to-tail.[14] As they cruised on to another one-two, the fight for third was fought between Laffite, Reutemann, Lauda, Watson and Emerson Fittipaldi, with attrition the main factor as the race wore on.[14] ultimately, Lauda held out the longest to finish third ahead of Watson, with Fittipaldi and Villeneuve completing the points.[14]
The result of the Dutch Grand Prix also meant that Lotus were declared as the International Cup for Constructors Champions with three rounds to go.[14]
Race 14: Italian Grand Prix[]
Unfortunately the 1978 World Championship fight would come to a sad end in Monza, for issues in qualifying and in the warm-up left Peterson down in fifth in an dated Lotus 78.[15] That left the Swede in the middle of a midfield crunch at the start, caused by the starting lights flashing to green before the entire field had lined up on the grid.[15] Contact between Patrese and James Hunt ultimately resulted in Peterson's car getting pitched straight into the barriers, which duly caused the car to burst into flame.[15]
Hunt and Clay Regazzoni quickly sprinted over to pull Peterson clear of the burning wreck, the Swede having sustained severe leg injuries in the collision.[15] He was duly flown to hospital for emergency surgery, while Vittorio Brambilla was taken to Milan by ambulance after getting knocked unconscious after smashing into Peterson's spinning Lotus.[15] Back at the track, meanwhile, the restart of the race was pushed back over an hour due to barrier repairs, only to be delayed further when Scheckter crashed heavily at the Lesmo section.[15]
The additional delay to fix those barriers ultimately meant that the race distance had to be shortened to 40 laps, with fading light a major concern.[15] Another messy start saw Villeneuve and Andretti jump the start, with the Canadian ace snatching the lead.[15] The two duly duelled for victory until the closing stages, before Andretti claimed the win five laps before the "early" chequered flag.[15]
However, one minute time penalties for Andretti and Villeneuve dumped both down the order, meaning Ferrari traitor Lauda claimed victory ahead of teammate Watson.[15] Reutemann was classified in third, while Andretti ended up in sixth with Villeneuve seventh.[15] That result did, however, ensure that Andretti was World Champion, for Peterson was not expected to compete again in 1978 with his injuries.[15]
Unfortunately, Peterson would never recover from the injuries he sustained, for he succumbed to a fat embolism shortly after his surgery on the Monday after the race.[15]
Race 15: United States Grand Prix[]
The loss of Peterson caused a universal slump of morale heading into the North American phase of the Championship, beginning with the annual trip to Watkins Glen for the United States Grand Prix in early October.[16] Andretti once again claimed pole position ahead of Reutemann in front of his home fans, while temporary Lotus teammate Jean-Pierre Jarier, using #55 rather than Peterson's #6, qualified in eighth.[16] Andretti would duly sweep into the lead at the start, albeit after taking over Jarier's car after an accident in the warm-up destroyed his car.[16]
Unfortunately for the home fans Andretti was not comfortable with his commandeered car, and duly slipped behind Reutemann and Villeneuve early on.[16] He duly retired after a duel with Lauda, while Jarier slowly gained confidence in the middle of the pack.[16] Reutemann, meanwhile, would claim victory as an engine failure dumped Villeneuve out of contention, meaning Jones and Scheckter completed the podium, albeit only after Jarier's late charge came to an end as he burned through the last of his fuel prematurely.[16]
Race 16: Canadian Grand Prix[]
One week later and the F1 circus headed to the new Circuit Île Notre-Dame, the home of the Canadian Grand Prix and the 1978 season finale.[17] This time it was Jarier who emerged on pole ahead of Scheckter in the Canadian built Wolf, while World Champion Andretti only managed to claim ninth after a troubled run.[17] Indeed, it was a bitterly cold start to the weekend, with most of Friday's running ruled out by heavy rain.[17]
Amid a threat of snow, Jarier blasted clear at the start of the race, leaving Villeneuve to rue a poor start as he slipped behind Scheckter and Jones.[17] Those three duly truelled for second as Andretti took himself and Watson out of contention, while Jarier blasted away out front.[17] Unfortunately for him his hopes of a maiden victory were ended by a brake failure, while a slow puncture for Jones dumped him down the order after a pit stop.[17]
All that allowed Villeneuve to surge into the lead with twenty laps to go, the Canadian sweeping past Scheckter after they had dealt with Jones.[17] He duly cruised home to claim a famous home victory, with Shceckter slipping away to a lonely second ahead of Reutemann.[17] Thus the 1978 World Championship tour came to an end, with a new generation of drivers set to take the stage in 1979 and beyond.[17]
Non-Championship Rounds[]
Results[]
World Championship[]
A run down of results for the 1978 FIA Formula One World Championship is shown below:
Round | Event | Report | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Grid | Result |
1 | Argentine Grand Prix | Report | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
[[Mario Andretti]] Lotus-Ford Cosworth |
1 | [[Mario Andretti]] Lotus-Ford Cosworth |
Fastest Lap | ||
[[Carlos Reutemann]] Ferrari |
2 | [[Niki Lauda]] Brabham-Alfa Romeo |
[[Gilles Villeneuve]] Ferrari | ||
[[Ronnie Peterson]] Lotus-Ford Cosworth |
3 | [[Patrick Depailler]] Tyrrell-Ford Cosworth |
1:49.76 on Lap 3 |
2 | Brazilian Grand Prix | Report | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
[[Ronnie Peterson]] Lotus-Ford Cosworth |
1 | [[Carlos Reutemann]] Ferrari |
Fastest Lap | ||
[[James Hunt]] McLaren-Ford Cosworth |
2 | [[Emerson Fittipaldi]] Fittipaldi-Ford Cosworth |
[[Carlos Reutemann]] Ferrari | ||
[[Mario Andretti]] Lotus-Ford Cosworth |
3 | [[Niki Lauda]] Brabham-Alfa Romeo |
1:43.07 on Lap 35 |
3 | South African Grand Prix | Report | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
[[Niki Lauda]] Brabham-Alfa Romeo |
1 | [[Ronnie Peterson]] Lotus-Ford Cosworth |
Fastest Lap | ||
[[Mario Andretti]] Lotus-Ford Cosworth |
2 | [[Patrick Depailler]] Tyrrell-Ford Cosworth |
[[Mario Andretti]] Lotus-Ford Cosworth | ||
[[James Hunt]] McLaren-Ford Cosworth |
3 | [[John Watson]] Brabham-Alfa Romeo |
1:17.09 on Lap 2 |
4 | United States Grand Prix West | Report | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
[[Carlos Reutemann]] Ferrari |
1 | [[Carlos Reutemann]] Ferrari |
Fastest Lap | ||
[[Gilles Villeneuve]] Ferrari |
2 | [[Mario Andretti]] Lotus-Ford Cosworth |
[[Alan Jones]] Williams-Ford Cosworth | ||
[[Niki Lauda]] Brabham-Alfa Romeo |
3 | [[Patrick Depailler]] Tyrrell-Ford Cosworth |
1:22.215 on Lap 27 |
5 | Monaco Grand Prix | Report | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
[[Carlos Reutemann]] Ferrari |
1 | [[Patrick Depailler]] Tyrrell-Ford Cosworth |
Fastest Lap | ||
[[John Watson]] Brabham-Alfa Romeo |
2 | [[Niki Lauda]] Brabham-Alfa Romeo |
[[Niki Lauda]] Brabham-Alfa Romeo | ||
[[Niki Lauda]] Brabham-Alfa Romeo |
3 | [[Jody Scheckter]] Wolf-Ford Cosworth |
1:28.65 on Lap 72 |
6 | Belgian Grand Prix | Report | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
[[Mario Andretti]] Lotus-Ford Cosworth |
1 | [[Mario Andretti]] Lotus-Ford Cosworth |
Fastest Lap | ||
[[Carlos Reutemann]] Ferrari |
2 | [[Ronnie Peterson]] Lotus-Ford Cosworth |
[[Ronnie Peterson]] Lotus-Ford Cosworth | ||
[[Niki Lauda]] Brabham-Alfa Romeo |
3 | [[Carlos Reutemann]] Ferrari |
1:23.13 on Lap 66 |
7 | Spanish Grand Prix | Report | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
[[Mario Andretti]] Lotus-Ford Cosworth |
1 | [[Mario Andretti]] Lotus-Ford Cosworth |
Fastest Lap | ||
[[Ronnie Peterson]] Lotus-Ford Cosworth |
2 | [[Ronnie Peterson]] Lotus-Ford Cosworth |
[[Mario Andretti]] Lotus-Ford Cosworth | ||
[[Carlos Reutemann]] Ferrari |
3 | [[Jacques Laffite]] Ligier-Matra |
1:20.06 on Lap 5 |
8 | Swedish Grand Prix | Report | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
[[Mario Andretti]] Lotus-Ford Cosworth |
1 | [[Niki Lauda]] Brabham-Alfa Romeo |
Fastest Lap | ||
[[John Watson]] Brabham-Alfa Romeo |
2 | [[Riccardo Patrese]] Arrows-Ford Cosworth |
[[Niki Lauda]] Brabham-Alfa Romeo | ||
[[Niki Lauda]] Brabham-Alfa Romeo |
3 | [[Ronnie Peterson]] Lotus-Ford Cosworth |
1:24.836 on Lap 5 |
9 | French Grand Prix | Report | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
[[John Watson]] Brabham-Alfa Romeo |
1 | [[Mario Andretti]] Lotus-Ford Cosworth |
Fastest Lap | ||
[[Mario Andretti]] Lotus-Ford Cosworth |
2 | [[Ronnie Peterson]] Lotus-Ford Cosworth |
[[Carlos Reutemann]] Ferrari | ||
[[Niki Lauda]] Brabham-Alfa Romeo |
3 | [[James Hunt]] McLaren-Ford Cosworth |
1:48.56 on Lap 48 |
10 | British Grand Prix | Report | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
[[Ronnie Peterson]] Lotus-Ford Cosworth |
1 | [[Carlos Reutemann]] Ferrari |
Fastest Lap | ||
[[Mario Andretti]] Lotus-Ford Cosworth |
2 | [[Niki Lauda]] Brabham-Alfa Romeo |
[[Niki Lauda]] Brabham-Alfa Romeo | ||
[[Jody Scheckter]] Wolf-Ford Cosworth |
3 | [[John Watson]] Brabham-Alfa Romeo |
1:18.60 on Lap 72 |
11 | German Grand Prix | Report | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
[[Mario Andretti]] Lotus-Ford Cosworth |
1 | [[Mario Andretti]] Lotus-Ford Cosworth |
Fastest Lap | ||
[[Ronnie Peterson]] Lotus-Ford Cosworth |
2 | [[Jody Scheckter]] Wolf-Ford Cosworth |
[[Ronnie Peterson]] Lotus-Ford Cosworth | ||
[[Niki Lauda]] Brabham-Alfa Romeo |
3 | [[Jacques Laffite]] Ligier-Matra |
1:55.62 on Lap 26 |
12 | Austrian Grand Prix | Report | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
[[Ronnie Peterson]] Lotus-Ford Cosworth |
1 | [[Ronnie Peterson]] Lotus-Ford Cosworth |
Fastest Lap | ||
[[Mario Andretti]] Lotus-Ford Cosworth |
2 | [[Patrick Depailler]] Tyrrell-Ford Cosworth |
[[Ronnie Peterson]] Lotus-Ford Cosworth | ||
[[Jean-Pierre Jabouille]] Renault |
3 | [[Gilles Villeneuve]] Ferrari |
1:43.12 on Lap |
13 | Dutch Grand Prix | Report | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
[[Mario Andretti]] Lotus-Ford Cosworth |
1 | [[Mario Andretti]] Lotus-Ford Cosworth |
Fastest Lap | ||
[[Ronnie Peterson]] Lotus-Ford Cosworth |
2 | [[Ronnie Peterson]] Lotus-Ford Cosworth |
[[Niki Lauda]] Brabham-Alfa Romeo | ||
[[Niki Lauda]] Ferrari |
3 | [[Niki Lauda]] Brabham-Alfa Romeo |
1:19.57 on Lap 57 |
14 | Italian Grand Prix | Report | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
[[Mario Andretti]] Lotus-Ford Cosworth |
1 | [[Niki Lauda]] Brabham-Alfa Romeo |
Fastest Lap | ||
[[Gilles Villeneuve]] Ferrari |
2 | [[John Watson]] Brabham-Alfa Romeo |
[[Mario Andretti]] Lotus-Ford Cosworth | ||
[[Jean-Pierre Jabouille]] Renault |
3 | [[Carlos Reutemann]] Ferrari |
1:38.23 on Lap 33 |
15 | United States Grand Prix | Report | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
[[Mario Andretti]] Lotus-Ford Cosworth |
1 | [[Carlos Reutemann]] Ferrari |
Fastest Lap | ||
[[Carlos Reutemann]] Ferrari |
2 | [[Alan Jones]] Williams-Ford Cosworth |
[[Jean-Pierre Jarier]] Lotus-Ford Cosworth | ||
[[Alan Jones]] Williams-Ford Cosworth |
3 | [[Jody Scheckter]] Wolf-Ford Cosworth |
1:39.557 on Lap 55 |
16 | Canadian Grand Prix | Report | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
[[Jean-Pierre Jarier]] Lotus-Ford Cosworth |
1 | [[Gilles Villeneuve]] Ferrari |
Fastest Lap | ||
[[Jody Scheckter]] Wolf-Ford Cosworth |
2 | [[Jody Scheckter]] Wolf-Ford Cosworth |
[[Alan Jones]] Williams-Ford Cosworth | ||
[[Gilles Villeneuve]] Ferrari |
3 | [[Carlos Reutemann]] Ferrari |
1:38.072 on Lap 70 |
Non-Championship[]
Final Standings[]
World Championship for Drivers[]
Outlined below are the full final standings from the 1978 FIA Formula One World Championship for Drivers:
Pos.* | Driver | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | Pts.† |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1st | Andretti | 1st | 4th | 7th | 2nd | 11th | 1st | 1st | Ret | 1st | Ret | 1st | Ret | 1st | 6th | Ret | 10th | 64 |
2nd | Peterson | 5th | Ret | 1st | 4th | Ret | 2nd | 2nd | 3rd | 2nd | Ret | Ret | 1st | 2nd | Ret | 51 | ||
3rd | Reutemann | 7th | 1st | Ret | 1st | 8th | 3rd | Ret | 10th | 18th | 1st | Ret | DSQ | 7th | 3rd | 1st | 3rd | 48 |
4th | Lauda | 2nd | 3rd | Ret | Ret | 2nd | Ret | Ret | 1st | Ret | 2nd | Ret | Ret | 3rd | 1st | Ret | Ret | 44 |
5th | Depailler | 3rd | Ret | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | Ret | Ret | Ret | Ret | 4th | Ret | 2nd | Ret | 11th | Ret | 5th | 34 |
6th | Watson | Ret | 8th | 3rd | Ret | 4th | Ret | 5th | Ret | 4th | 3rd | 7th | 7th | 4th | 2nd | Ret | Ret | 25 |
7th | Scheckter | 10th | Ret | Ret | Ret | 3rd | Ret | 4th | Ret | 6th | Ret | 2nd | Ret | 12th | 12th | 3rd | 2nd | 24 |
8th | Laffite | 16th | 9th | 5th | 5th | Ret | 5th | 3rd | 7th | 7th | 10th | 3rd | 5th | 8th | 4th | 11th | Ret | 19 |
9th | Villeneuve | 8th | Ret | Ret | Ret | Ret | 4th | 10th | 9th | 12th | Ret | 8th | 3rd | 6th | 7th | Ret | 1st | 17 |
10th | Fittipaldi | 9th | 2nd | Ret | 8th | 9th | Ret | Ret | 6th | Ret | Ret | 4th | 4th | 5th | 8th | 5th | Ret | 17 |
11th | Jones | Ret | 11th | 4th | 7th | Ret | 10th | 8th | Ret | 5th | Ret | Ret | Ret | Ret | 13th | 2nd | 9th | 11 |
12th | Patrese | 10th | Ret | 6th | 6th | Ret | Ret | 2nd | 8th | Ret | 9th | Ret | Ret | Ret | 4th | 11 | ||
13th | Hunt | 4th | Ret | Ret | Ret | Ret | Ret | 6th | 8th | 3rd | Ret | DSQ | Ret | 10th | Ret | 7th | Ret | 8 |
14th | Tambay | 6th | Ret | Ret | 12th | 7th | Ret | 4th | 9th | 6th | Ret | Ret | 9th | 5th | 6th | 8th | 8 | |
15th | Pironi | 14th | 6th | 6th | Ret | 5th | 6th | 12th | Ret | 10th | Ret | 5th | Ret | Ret | Ret | 10th | 7th | 7 |
16th | Regazzoni | 15th | 5th | DNQ | 10th | DNQ | Ret | 15th | 5th | Ret | Ret | DNQ | NC | DNQ | NC | 14th | DNQ | 4 |
17th | Jabouille | Ret | Ret | 10th | NC | 13th | Ret | Ret | Ret | Ret | Ret | Ret | Ret | 4th | 12th | 3 | ||
18th | Stuck | 17th | Ret | DNQ | DNS | Ret | Ret | Ret | 11th | 11th | 5th | Ret | Ret | Ret | Ret | Ret | Ret | 2 |
19th | Rebaque | DNQ | Ret | 10th | DNPQ | DNPQ | DNPQ | Ret | 12th | DNQ | Ret | 6th | Ret | 11th | DNQ | Ret | DNQ | 1 |
20th | Brambilla | 18th | DNQ | 12th | Ret | DNQ | 13th | 7th | Ret | 17th | 9th | Ret | 6th | DSQ | Ret | 1 | ||
21st | Daly | DNPQ | DNPQ | DNPQ | DNQ | Ret | DSQ | Ret | 10th | 8th | 6th | 1 | ||||||
NC | Lunger | 13th | Ret | 11th | DNQ | DNPQ | 7th | DNQ | DNQ | Ret | 8th | DNPQ | 8th | Ret | Ret | 13th | 0 | |
NC | Giacomelli | 8th | Ret | 7th | Ret | 14th | 0 | |||||||||||
NC | Mass | 11th | 7th | Ret | Ret | DNQ | 11th | 9th | 13th | 13th | NC | Ret | DNQ | DNQ | 0 | |||
NC | Jarier | 12th | DNS | 8th | 11th | DNQ | DNQ | 15th | Ret | 0 | ||||||||
NC | Arnoux | DNQ | DNPQ | 9th | 14th | DNPQ | 9th | Ret | 9th | Ret | 0 | |||||||
NC | Stommelen | 9th | 9th | Ret | Ret | 14th | 14th | 15th | DNQ | DSQ | DNPQ | DNPQ | DNPQ | 16th | DNQ | 0 | ||
NC | Piquet | Ret | Ret | Ret | 9th | 11th | 0 | |||||||||||
NC | Rosberg | Ret | DNPQ | DNPQ | DNQ | DNPQ | 15th | 16th | Ret | 10th | NC | Ret | DNPQ | Ret | NC | 0 | ||
NC | Keegan | Ret | Ret | Ret | DNS | Ret | DNQ | 11th | DNQ | Ret | DNQ | DNQ | DNQ | DNS | 0 | |||
NC | Ertl | 11th | Ret | DNPQ | DNQ | 0 | ||||||||||||
NC | Ickx | Ret | 12th | Ret | DNQ | 0 | ||||||||||||
NC | Rahal | 12th | Ret | 0 | ||||||||||||||
NC | Merzario | Ret | DNQ | Ret | Ret | DNPQ | DNPQ | DNQ | NC | DNQ | Ret | DNQ | DNQ | Ret | Ret | Ret | DNQ | 0 |
NC | Leoni | Ret | DNS | DNQ | DNQ | 0 | ||||||||||||
NC | Ongais | Ret | Ret | DNPQ | DNPQ | 0 | ||||||||||||
NC | Bleekemolen | DNQ | DNQ | Ret | DNQ | 0 | ||||||||||||
NC | Cheever | DNQ | DNQ | Ret | 0 | |||||||||||||
NC | Colombo | DNQ | DNQ | DNPQ | 0 | |||||||||||||
NC | Galica | DNQ | DNQ | 0 | ||||||||||||||
NC | Gabbiani | DNQ | DNQ | 0 | ||||||||||||||
NC | de Villota | DNQ | 0 | |||||||||||||||
NC | Lees | DNQ | 0 | |||||||||||||||
NC | Trimmer | DNQ | 0 | |||||||||||||||
NC | Binder | DNQ | 0 | |||||||||||||||
NC | Gimax | DNQ | 0 | |||||||||||||||
Pos.* | Driver | Pts.† | ||||||||||||||||
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 |
- * The 1979 FIA Yearbook did not separate drivers whom ended the season level on points. Positions listed on this table do distinguish tied drivers based on their best finishing position.
- † A drivers best seven results from the first eight rounds and their best seven results from the final eight rounds contributed to their score.
International Cup for Constructors[]
Outlined below are the full final standings from the 1978 FIA Formula One International Cup for Constructors:
Pos.* | Constructor | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | Pts.† |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1st | Lotus-Ford Cosworth | 1st | 4th | 1st | 2nd | 11th | 1st | 1st | Ret | 1st | 1st | 1st | 1st | 1st | 6th | 15th | 10th | 64 |
2nd | Ferrari | 7th | 1st | Ret | 1st | 8th | 3rd | 10th | 9th | 12th | 1st | 8th | 3rd | 6th | 3rd | 1st | 1st | 58 |
3rd | Brabham-Alfa Romeo | 2nd | 3rd | 3rd | Ret | 2nd | Ret | 5th | 1st | 4th | 2nd | 7th | 7th | 3rd | 1st | Ret | 11th | 53 |
4th | Tyrrell-Ford Cosworth | 3rd | 6th | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 6th | 12th | Ret | 10th | 4th | 5th | 2nd | Ret | 11th | 10th | 5th | 24 |
5th | Wolf-Ford Cosworth | 10th | Ret | Ret | Ret | 3rd | Ret | 4th | Ret | 6th | Ret | 2nd | NC | 12th | 12th | 3rd | 2nd | 24 |
6th | Ligier-Matra | 16th | 9th | 5th | 5th | Ret | 5th | 3rd | 7th | 7th | 10th | 3rd | 5th | 8th | 4th | 11th | Ret | 19 |
7th | Fittipaldi-Ford Cosworth | 9th | 2nd | Ret | 8th | 9th | Ret | Ret | 6th | Ret | Ret | 4th | 4th | 5th | 8th | 5th | Ret | 17 |
8th | McLaren-Ford Cosworth | 4th | 4th | 11th | 12th | 7th | 7th | 6th | 4th | 3rd | 6th | Ret | 8th | 9th | 5th | 6th | 8th | 15 |
9th | Williams-Ford Cosworth | Ret | 11th | 4th | 7th | Ret | 10th | 8th | Ret | 5th | Ret | Ret | Ret | Ret | 13th | 2nd | 9th | 11 |
10th | Arrows-Ford Cosworth | 10th | 9th | 6th | 6th | Ret | 14th | 2nd | 8th | Ret | 9th | Ret | Ret | Ret | 16th | 4th | 11 | |
11th | Shadow-Ford Cosworth | 15th | 5th | 5th | 10th | Ret | Ret | 15th | 5th | 11th | 5th | Ret | NC | Ret | NC | 14th | Ret | 6 |
12th | Renault | Ret | Ret | 10th | NC | 13th | Ret | Ret | Ret | Ret | Ret | Ret | Ret | 4th | 12th | 3 | ||
13th | Surtees-Ford Cosworth | 18th | Ret | 12th | Ret | Ret | 13th | 7th | Ret | 17th | 9th | Ret | 6th | DSQ | Ret | 9th | Ret | 1 |
14th | Ensign-Ford Cosworth | Ret | Ret | DNQ | DNQ | Ret | 12th | Ret | DNQ | DNQ | Ret | 11th | Ret | Ret | 10th | 8th | 6th | 1 |
NC | ATS-Ford Cosworth | 11th | 7th | 8th | 11th | DNQ | 11th | 9th | 13th | 13th | NC | Ret | DNQ | DNQ | DNQ | Ret | NC | 0 |
NC | Martini-Ford Cosworth | DNQ | DNPQ | 9th | WD | 14th | WD | DNPQ | 9th | Ret | 0 | |||||||
NC | Merzario-Ford Cosworth | Ret | DNQ | Ret | Ret | DNPQ | DNPQ | DNQ | NC | DNQ | Ret | DNQ | DNQ | Ret | Ret | Ret | DNQ | 0 |
NC | Theodore-Ford Cosworth | DNQ | DNQ | Ret | DNPQ | DNPQ | DNQ | DNPQ | 0 | |||||||||
NC | Hesketh-Ford Cosworth | DNQ | DNQ | Ret | DNPQ | DNPQ | DNQ | 0 |
See Also[]
v·d·e | Nominate this page for Featured Article |
V T E | Formula One Seasons | |
---|---|---|
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- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 'Argentine GP, 1978', grandprix.com, (Inside F1 Inc., 2015), http://www.grandprix.com/gpe/rr298.html, (Accessed 06/06/2018)
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 'Brazilian GP, 1978', grandprix.com, (Inside F1 Inc., 2015), http://www.grandprix.com/gpe/rr299.html, (Accessed 10/06/2018)
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 'South African GP, 1978', grandprix.com, (Inside F1 Inc., 2015), http://www.grandprix.com/gpe/rr300.html, (Accessed 03/08/2018)
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 'United States GP, 1978', grandprix.com, (Inside F1 Inc., 2015), http://www.grandprix.com/gpe/rr301.html, (Accessed 04/08/2018)
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 'Monaco GP, 1978', grandprix.com, (Inside F1 Inc., 2015), http://www.grandprix.com/gpe/rr302.html, (Accessed 06/08/2018)
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 'Belgian GP, 1978', grandprix.com, (Inside F1 Inc., 2015), http://www.grandprix.com/gpe/rr303.html, (Accessed 08/08/2018)
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.5 'Spanish GP, 1978', grandprix.com, (Inside F1 Inc., 2015), http://www.grandprix.com/gpe/rr304.html, (Accessed 10/08/2018)
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.3 8.4 8.5 8.6 8.7 8.8 'Swedish GP, 1978', grandprix.com, (Inside F1 Inc., 2015), http://www.grandprix.com/gpe/rr305.html, (Accessed 13/04/2018)
- ↑ 9.0 9.1 D.S.J., 'The Brabham-Alfa Romeo fan', motorsportmagazine.com, (Motor Sport, 01/08/1978), https://www.motorsportmagazine.com/archive/article/august-1978/33/brabham-alfa-romeo-fan, (Accessed 12/08/2018)
- ↑ 10.0 10.1 10.2 10.3 10.4 10.5 'French GP, 1978', grandprix.com, (Inside F1 Inc., 2015), http://www.grandprix.com/gpe/rr306.html, (Accessed 15/08/2018)
- ↑ 11.0 11.1 11.2 11.3 11.4 11.5 'British GP, 1978', grandprix.com, (Inside F1 Inc., 2016), http://www.grandprix.com/gpe/rr307.html, (Accessed 18/08/2018)
- ↑ 12.0 12.1 12.2 12.3 12.4 12.5 'German GP, 1978', grandprix.com, (Inside F1 Inc., 2016), http://www.grandprix.com/gpe/rr308.html, (Accessed 06/09/2018)
- ↑ 13.0 13.1 13.2 13.3 13.4 13.5 13.6 13.7 13.8 'Austrian GP, 1978', grandprix.com, (Inside F1 Inc., 2016), http://www.grandprix.com/gpe/rr309.html, (Accessed 07/09/2018)
- ↑ 14.0 14.1 14.2 14.3 14.4 14.5 14.6 'Dutch GP, 1978', grandprix.com, (Inside F1 Inc., 2015), http://www.grandprix.com/gpe/rr310.html, (Accessed 09/09/2018)
- ↑ 15.00 15.01 15.02 15.03 15.04 15.05 15.06 15.07 15.08 15.09 15.10 15.11 15.12 'Italian GP, 1978', grandprix.com, (Inside F1 Inc., 2015), http://www.grandprix.com/gpe/rr311.html, (Accessed 10/09/2018)
- ↑ 16.0 16.1 16.2 16.3 16.4 16.5 'United States GP, 1978', grandprix.com, (Inside F1 Inc., 2015), http://www.grandprix.com/gpe/rr312.html, (Accessed 15/09/2018)
- ↑ 17.0 17.1 17.2 17.3 17.4 17.5 17.6 17.7 17.8 'Canadian GP, 1978', grandprix.com, (Inside F1 Inc., 2015), http://www.grandprix.com/gpe/rr313.html, (Accessed 18/09/2018)